There are two major causes that increase with aging:
Calcium magnesium imbalance. Appears to be dietary. Salt consumption causes Mg loss and there is excess Ca intake.
Iron accumulation. Also likely dietary. Can be worsened by the deficiency of other nutrients, such as manganese, copper, or chromium.
These two are well established. Ither are more speculative.
Chromium deficiency, as chromium appears to decrease rapidly with age.
Copper deficiency. The RDI are made up. Pigs are fed drastically more, with beneficial effect.
Zunc enzymes seem to work better with cobalt. It seems plausible that (free) zinc could not be natural, but a toxin released by human activity. (same problem happens in mitochondria with iron and manganese, the FeSOD is an enzyme that causes oxidative damage. MnSOD prevents it.
