>>127258209Noxus - the dominant, cutthroat, Fire-Nation knockoff empire that Mel and her mother originate from. To them, strength and leadership is all that matters, and they use all sorts of fucked-up means to conquer and retain their power. Their ruler, Swain, made a powerful pact with an ancient demon in order to gain power, for example.
Ionia - mythical Asia-land of the lore. Considered to be the birthplace or origin of magic on the planet. They just got out of a brutal war with Noxus and somehow managed to win it. The princess that Mel's mom slaughtered in episode 8 was Ionian, and that was probably a flashback from said war.
Demacia - Small but stout nation with the best military training and leadership in the world. They absolutely despise mages and anything related to magic, going so far as to imprison mages in holocaust concentration camps.
Shurima - mythical ancient Egypt and the middle east, used to be the most powerful empire in ancient times. Now a shell of its former self dictated by a bunch of independent city after a catastrophe involving their ascended (AKA animal-gods.) Though some of these gods have arisen again and are trying to re-establish power amongst each other.
Bilgewater - basically Pirates of the Caribbean - curses, undead, shamans, witches, animal people and all. Not much else to say.
The Freljord - Basically the North from Game of Thrones but with more Viking and matriarchal influence. But instead of the white walkers being the overarching evil this time around, it's a faction of cosmic eldritch horrors. Which leads into the next faction:
The Void - not a nation, so much a hive mind of dimension-crossing, universe-consuming eldritch abominations & their minions attempting to invade the world from the other side. The Void can irreversibly corrupt everything and anything it touches. Be wary of anything glowing purple in this IP, as that means it is void-related (yes, that includes shimmer and Viktor's hexcore.)