>>14316016Nothing actually consults DNA like an operations manual, it's called code but it's not like computer code, it's more like a couple billion plastic molds for different protein tools. The protein tools themselves simply work like chemical tetris, they fold up automatically based on which parts are hydrophobic and hydrophilic, and that shape determines what parts of them have interactions with other proteins to perform work. So a motor protein is composed of a bunch of chunks, those chunks are manufactured based on a pattern copied from the DNA, the chunks automatically assemble into motor proteins when near enough to each-other and when fueled with ATP will latch onto the nearest microtubule and just start walking. They will reach the end of the tubule, grab anything with a receptor for their grappling hook. I'm not an expert so I don't know but I assume some other signal protein on the cargo bubble itself tells the motor whether it's incoming or outgoing and based on that the motor pair will activate either Kinesin or Dynein.
It's not the most efficient possible method obviously, there's no memory storage or preplanned routes, the motors basically just grab whatever and take it back, although they do seem flexible enough to stop, reverse, and move around obstacles so I assume there is some signal which prompts them to keep trying to go in one direction or the other.
