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Technically illegal because you are making money on the basis of a corporation's intellectual property, although companies don't enforce this because the lawsuits are high profile, make very poor publicity and earn them nothing, as even if you are ordered to compensate the litigant for lost revenue, most will be unable to pay and will declare personal bankruptcy to escape the debt (which can easily be in the millions of dollars). You'd have to make a lot of money on your patreon before a copyright holder would consider suing you. But, if you happen to be located in Japan, you should carefully check the history of each copyright holder whose characters you decide to draw, since copyright infringement is a felony in Japan and will land you in jail if you piss off the wrong company (Nintendo in particular is infamous for suing random people for copyright infringement).
Even though the chances of you facing legal action as a result of your patreon are very slim, you must keep in mind that corporations are fully within their right to financially ruin you at any time. Even if you make sure your depiction of the copyrighted character is a clear parody, making it protected under fair use, they can still drag you through the mud out of spite.
