>>13214628We understand how the retina works, how color blindness works and to a limited extent how the brain works.
We know for a fact that women have better color vision than men and men are better at detecting motion than women because we found that men and women have a slightly different ratio of cones and rods. We've conducted experiments to see if there really was a difference because of that ratio and there was.
Philosophy is worthless, because rather than actually trying to see if an idea is right or not, it relies entirely on creating a persuasive argument for something being true or false, which tests how persuasive someone is, rather than how true the statement is.