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Nobody has any conclusive idea. There is modeling sufficient to match observations, but that says nothing about what a particle *really* is. The only way to observe is by testing things, which changes things, but even if measurement had no effect, the only way to measure a particle is with another particle, so if we are able to use the smallest particles to observe all the particles, we still cannot observe the particles used for that observation. Imagine we created a quark microscope that could observe all other particles. Quarks would still be a mystery. And if we discovered a smaller particle than quarks, that too would be yet unobservable.
Its unknowable mystery all the way down.
And up.
Ausb