To put things into context, I am looking at how race could have developed from the perspective of the origin of humanity. How were so many genetic differences developed with the same basic genetic blueprint from the same basic location somewhere in the Middle East or Africa?

> Geography -> Behavior -> Race
The main engine of change in all life forms is a change in the environment. A change in the geography from continent to continent creates this change. Thinking of the pic related, they are all finches but with the added uniqueness of beaks because of the differences in food source in the external environment in different parts of the island of finches. The same is true with human beings, we are all literally fundamentally human, but the genetic difference comes from adaptibility to geography and the behaviors that become embedded over thousands of years. Geographic patterns influence behavior, and this behavior/response to geography becomes genetically encoded.

> Examples
Think of Europeans vs Africans. Europeans have adapted to a high altitude, frigid climate while Africans have adapted to a low altitude, arid climate.

Europeans have:
- Narrow noses (frigid climate, low heat dissipation)
- Lighter skin (no need for as much melanin, sun is less present/intense)

Africans have:
- Wide noses and foreheads (arid climate, surface area for heat dissipation)
- Darker skin (need for more melanin, sun is more intense)

All races of people originate from one single focal point 300,000 years ago, so it stands to reason that the only way this genetic diversity could have come about was some other factor such as geography that created this change.