>>13073616cont.
So for example, you want to get the law of moving bodies and the proportionality of velocities and distance traveled
You take a body, you set it in motion, you measure it's velocity, you determine how long it takes for a fixed distance and note it in a diagram or table
you vary it's velocity and measure the time again for a fixed distance
if you put it into a double logarithmic diagram you get a line where it's slope is the exponent in the proportionality between two quantities
you repeat this for more and more velocities and then you can derive a physical law from it
You also need to take into account inaccuracies and measurement measuring errors
