Could we safely assume that aliens with human intelligence would have something at the very least relatable to the human brain, and that communication is also necessary to the development of that race?

No talking telekinesis or some scifi bullshit like that.

In that case, could we learn an alien language?
Completely ignoring the pronounciation as normalised in The International Phonetic Alphabet. Maybe they don't have a tongue but a resonating flap like a speaker.

Why couldn't we learn at least some of the languages aliens use if they somewhat resemble us, like we can learn a foreign language ourselves

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_processing_in_the_brain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uZam0ubq-Y