After going through schools doing extremely manufactured problems, I feel like my reasoning skills are not where I would like them to be.

I can't say things with 100% confidence a lot of the time because I sort of operate like a machine learning model. I see an example problem once and then I can do any similar problem, but give me a new problem (I still might solve it correctly) but I am never confident. This is especially bad whenever I've done research.

How to get good at reasoning? How to spot logic errors or make arguments about the logic of an argument?

I can do well whenever there's mathematical manipulation of symbols or whatever but especially critical verbal reasoning is bad, but I want to get good at it.

I almost feel like just a symbol manipulator, and I think this is holding me back.