>>12621512>>HOW DO MAGNETS WORKAll the material you're familiar with is made of atoms. All atoms are made of electrically charged "fermions." Fermions have an "intrinsic" (it doesn't change) angular momentum called spin. A charged object that's spinning has a magnetic field. So almost everything you're familiar with is made of tiny magnets
HOWEVER, these tiny magnets can cancel each-other out if they're arranged in the right right way. This arrangement is more stable, so most materials naturally do this, and thus most materials don't appear magnetic. However, if you isolate a material to just a single atom, you'll find that all atoms are magnetic.
Some materials arrange themselves so that their particles don't HAVE to cancel each-other out. These materials are magnetizable, which given previous statements, actually means that they can be additively arranged in such a way that their magnetic field is noticeable at everyday scales. Iron, cobalt, and nickel are simple elements with this property.
Existing scientific research suggests that there are only magnetic "dipoles" and no "monopoles." The consequence of this is that magnetic forces tend to follow an inverse cube law: Force ~ 1/d^3, where "d" is the distance between magnets.
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