>>12614954Okay, first we need to go over some basics (and oversimplfy the shit out of them). You have genes, which determine a feature, like hair colour or eye colour. You have two sets of DNA, one from your mom, and one from your dad. We call this diploidia. So you have two versions of the same gene. Every gene has variants, like the blue eye, eye color gene, or the brown or the green one. These are called alleles. You have two alleles, but only one eye color. One has to be dominant, the other on is recessive. So if you have a blue eye colour allele and a brown allele, you will have brown eyes, because the brown is dominant and the blue is recessive.
When two people breed, the each make gametes, which only have one set of DNA. Gametes in humans are sperm and eggs. When the egg meets the sperm, they fuse, and once again this new person will have two sets of DNA. One from mom, one from dad.
Lets say, mom has a blue eye allele, and a brwon eye allele. (this is here genotype). Since the brown is dominant, she will have brown eyes (this is her phenotype). Lets dad also has one blue allele, and one brown, his eyes are also brown. What kind of kids can they have?
Gametes:
mom: brown blue
dad: brown brown brown brown blue
blue brown blue blue blue
so one out of four will have blue eyes, and three will have brwon eyes. The above table is called a punet table.
