>>12282650As far as I know, Taleb coined the term, so he's the best resource. I don't have much to add.
>>12282657For another example, see modern, even old, desktop computers as well. For modern computers, the power supply, graphics processor, memory, hard drives, processor, and optical drive are all replaceable and interchangeable with third party devices.For older devices, there's the S-100 bus.
>A S-100 computer contains a larger board called a motherboard (or main board) that contains a number of S-100 sockets (perhaps 12 of them) wired to one another. These sockets are sometimes called expansion slots. The S-100 circuit boards (also called expansion boards) fit into these sockets. The 8080 microprocessor and support chips (some of which I mentioned in chapter 19) occupy one S-100 board. Random access memory occupies one or more other boards.Code: The secret language of computers, Charles Petzold, pg 302
The S-100 had an open specification.
Glock pistols are another example. Parts between different models and generations are largely compatible without hand tuning. Besides helping with logistics, it makes it trivial to repair the pistol. Armorers can just keep bins of the common parts and pick them out for repairs as needed.
>The interchangeability of parts is one of the hallmarks of Glock. For ease of manufacturing, the parts are standardized across the largest possible array of models.>Glock is also very consistent with the uniformity of parts. If you have 10 different G22s, you can compeltely disassemble all 32 parts (there are actually more than 32 parts, but more on that later), put each part in its own bin, mix the parts up, reassemble the 10 G22s with the mixed up parts, and all parts will fit perfectly, and all handguns will perform perfectly. There is zero percent hand fitting needed.Glock Reference Guide, Robb Manning, pg16
Both Glock and S-100 have/had large third party after markets.
