>>12001069All you have to do is just have a mental schema of the system you are trying to imagine.
Don't kick the can down the road by shoehorning in layers of abstraction. Try the Peter Watson four card test with meaningless colors and numbers. Try the test again, but with a concrete example, like drinking age (see the Bite Size Psych video). Which version did you prefer doing?
If your facts don't spell the system out explicitly, then make assumptions about the system. Walk through it step-by-step. Do you notice anything that contradicts a fact? Then it must mean that one or more of your assumptions was wrong.