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>and what are the challenges we must overcome in order to reach this goal?
I'd start with life. First it'd be desirable to kill all life on the planet since it is so instrumental (and very mucn dependent) on the overall changes in the planet.
Of course this is utopia, for as much as we would like to have a barren lifeless planet, a myriad other processes contribute to the change, the planet's orbit being the first and good luck changing that. Also tectonics and stuff. We would certainly want to get rid of wind, and the moon, to account for tides. The net effect of this would be to wreck havoc on all ecosystems and contribute to our ultimate goal of anihilating life.
But we don't have to go that far in reality (it'd certainly be a huge job, and fucking tree-huggers would be all over your ass about muh nature and muh species and muh precious lyf)
The most convenient solution would be to leave earth as it is and either move to mars or the moon, or otherwise just bubble ourselves in a perfectly controlled environment where every influence from the exterior is mitigated as far as possible. Essentially, we'd be confining ourselves to greenhouses, which has the added benefit of being the same solution as in anothe planet/satellitle AND we could exploit earth's resources without checks and start undermining the life on the planet without us being affected because we'd be largely self-sufficient.