>>11846090The opposite isn't passive recall, it's passieve review. Which means you just read whatever it is you're studying without working your memory to recall it.
If you read this post over once or twice or more, and then move on and just move on, that's passive review. Think about dozens of not hundreds of posts you read here daily and how little of them you remember.
If you read this post and then try to remember what was said here in 5 minutes, that'd be active recall.
If you repeat that action active recall, and then try to remember what was said in another 10 minutes, then in an hour, then 12 hours, then a day, that's spaced repetition. The lengths of time between recalls will get longer exponentially and you'll still be able to remember this post 5 months after the last time you recalled it.