>>11772276Consider the sum of two fair six-sided dice:
They range from 2 to 12 -> these are your macro states.
Now think about which events correspond to which macrostate. For example, (1,1) gives 2 as a sum, so one microstate leads to this macrostate. For the macrostate 7, we have (1,6),(2,5),(3,4),(4,3),(5,2),(6,1), so 6 micro states, making it the most probable macrostate.
Entropy is simply a monotonous function of the number of micro states, so the maximum entropy gives the most likely macrostate.
Now think about what happens when I throw not 2, but 10^(23) dice and look at the sum; virtually only the most probable outcome will occur, with very very small fluctuations. This is your second law.
