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I think it's a complexification of perceiving and interacting with the environment. Like the eye evolved to see better, the brain evolved to better do the things that helps us survive and it involve thinking.
> I'm a simple life form, I'll just move randomly and eat whatever is in my path.
> I'm a bit more complex, I'll go directly to those things I want to eat since I can see/smell them now and then move slightly less randomly until I find more.
> I'm a bit more complex, I don't see/smell anything to eat near me but I know it's not far from here, I'll go look for them and don't move randomly at all.
> I'm a bit more complex and those things I want to eat are becoming less dumb, I'll need to be less predictable.
> I'm a bit more complex and I need to become better at catching those things I want to eat so I'll think about a plan. Some kind of trap maybe.
> I'm a bit more complex and I really should start eating things that taste better and also make it look nice on the plate because I'll enjoy eating them more.
> I'm a bit more complex and I think about what is more nutritious and beneficial for me to eat.
> I'm a bit more st- complex and I'm really thinking about what I eat so I'll debate with others about whether or not we should eat animals because I think it's cruel.
You can do something like that for every basic needs and then less basic ones and then completely unnecessary things and that would make consciousness.