/sci/ - Science & Math » Thread #11340094

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Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 21:56:16 2020 No.11340094 View Reply Original Report

Quoted By: >>11340132 >>11340452

Can we create molecules in a lab? i.e. say there is one hydrogen and two oxygen atoms, can we combine them to make H2O?

If so, can we also then create RNA from scratch? And then pass this RNA through ribosomes to make whatever polypeptides that we want?

Idk I am not a biologist. I'm a programmer, and after coronovirus peaked my interest I looked into how this shit all works. And RNA is basically just like the code/program and the ribosome is the interpreter with the output being a polypeptide right?

So is it possible to create the "code" (RNA) from scratch?

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:01:52 No.11340114 Report

Quoted By:

I think RNA has been made in labs

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:06:14 No.11340128 Report

Quoted By: >>11340129

Yes, it's commonly used in all kinds of genetic engineering applications.

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:07:01 No.11340129 Report

Quoted By: >>11340183

>>11340128
Would you mind linking some sources or explaining how it's done?

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:08:27 No.11340132 Report

Quoted By: >>11340157

>>11340094
> i.e. say there is one hydrogen and two oxygen atoms, can we combine them to make H2O?
No
> can we also then create RNA from scratch?
I think so, yes
> And then pass this RNA through ribosomes to make whatever polypeptides that we want?
Yes
> peaked
piqued
> And RNA is basically just like the code/program and the ribosome is the interpreter with the output being a polypeptide right?
For viruses, yes.

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:16:37 No.11340157 Report

Quoted By: >>11340200 >>11340209

>>11340132
>I think so, yes
How is this possible if we cant construct our own molecules from atoms? How is it done?

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:25:58 No.11340183 Report

Quoted By:

>>11340129
The technique of producing peptides artificially from rna and ribosomes is "in vitro translation". Just google that and you should find tons of literature.

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:31:00 No.11340200 Report

Quoted By:

>>11340157
it's mostly about being able to isolate the compounds already found in nature and then make them react under controlled conditions. For example the enzyme DNA polymerase is used for copying DNA segments. The DNA polymerase is not something "built from scratch" but rather produced by bacteria and extracted out. The same is true for almost everything used in genetic engineering, even the DNA segments. An exception is small DNA segments called oligonucleotides that are used to be able to target specific segments of a larger piece of DNA.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide_synthesis

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 22:34:15 No.11340209 Report

Quoted By:

>>11340157
We CAN construct our own molecules from the constituent atoms and molecular precursors. This is one of the biggest applications of chemistry. You can create H2O from O2 and H2, all you need to do is burn H2 in the presence of O2.
Unfortunately, for more complex reactions, 3D geometries and interactions with the solutions in which molecules float around in occur. This means that to make some reactions happen, you need unlikely collisions of multiple molecules in sequence, something so specific it would rarely happen from random or even controlled reactions. This is why enzymes, specialized proteins, are necessary to encourage reactions. These specialized proteins are developed through natural selection, and more recently, humans have started designing synthetic enzymes to do processes for commercial, industrial, etc use. Many chemicals today are manufactured with synthetic biology. This is the practical bioengineering pop sci won't tell you about, instead you will only hear overblown fears of crispr superbabies and doomsday plagues.

Anonymous

Anonymous Tue 28 Jan 2020 23:55:07 No.11340452 Report

Quoted By:

>>11340094
Yeah it's called RNA synthesis, but it's not made from atoms, it's made from free ribonucleotides

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