>>11236146well meybe not a nuclear winter as in produced by nuclear bombs and radioactive. but there is something called geoengineering which is pretty much revolvs around that idea.
you could just pump some microparticles in the atmosphere wich would cool the earth off. the problem is it is poorly understood and the exact effects of such an invasive action in the atmosphere are not known. also it does not solve all problems we get, like ocean acidification and if we started doing this and we ever stopped, the world would rapidly heat up wich would be far more catastrophical than letting it heat up slowly. so it would essentially force us to continue doing it until we solved the underlying problems.
all in all it is a risky approach and should only be considered as a last ditch effort