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Scientists do understand many things
Of course, there exists no scientific method to show how something is true (although it does exist in logic and mathematics), but we do have scientific methods to show that something is false.
For example if someone says that rocks always fall down to the ground then we can disprove that if we drop a rock and it flies off into space. Then we need to change the hypothesis into some other educated guess and test that. Of course there is no evidence that the educated guesses are true, but we CAN know that they aren't disproven yet and we do know what IS disproven. So we can know those things about the universe.