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You need to start at basics.
Go buy one of those learn basic electronics for children books.
You have just skipped a few steps.
Visualise the flow of electrons through the as water recirculating through a machine, it's the best analogy. Voltage is the pressure of the water, amperage is the volume of water, the battery is a water tank etc.
Make some projects out of actual components before you get to ICs, small amplifiers are probably the best place to start, then make some 555 timers projects, the 555 is the Rosetta stone of electronic engineering, simple enough to understand, but you can make them do almost anything,
