I think I've figured out why I have an aversion to math - my foundational knowledge of math is way too patchy. Reading any kind of mathematical text becomes a really awful chore involving a lot of guesswork and confusion, only to end up with a rough approximation of the intended meaning. To give an example, I never knew about the set builder notation. I had no idea what all those little symbols were up till a few days ago.

Can you guys recommend me some proper foundational mathematical texts? I've gone through the Book of Proof by Hammack, and I'm looking for something along those lines but a little more rigorous.