>Apart from this Ka??da might have already presented the same laws of motion attributed to Newton, as part of the Vai?e?ika Sutras.
>???? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????????????? ???? ?????????????????
>Meaning, action on objects generates motion. The external action being direction causes the motion to be directional. An equal and opposite action can neutralize the motion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%E1%B9%87%C4%81da_(philosopher)#Ideas
>???? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????????????? ???? ?????????????????
>Meaning, action on objects generates motion. The external action being direction causes the motion to be directional. An equal and opposite action can neutralize the motion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%E1%B9%87%C4%81da_(philosopher)#Ideas