>>14337697>>14337720It's trivial to encode numbers larger than 64 bits in a 64-bit computer, and you don't need to fuck around with strings to do so (though you could also do that).
It's just that numbers that large aren't rarely useful in computations, so you normally use data types that have speed advantages (primitive types) but can overflow/underflow.
In dedicated math programs/languages where such calculations may appear more often, these "bigger" datatypes are used. E.g. wolframalpha has no problems computing even 340!