Bi-Directionality-of-Flow-Dependent, Conditionally Conductive Pathways Made from Metamaterials for Fast-Charging, Safe, High-Capacity Batteries

By utilizing a design in which the property of conductivity is altered by the bi-directionality of electron flow (charging from two directions in 90 degree opposition to one another on layers offset by an atomic width) and discharging only within the context of the same mechanism, the flow rate of discharge can be controlled and a battery can be designed that would preclude thermal cascading.

Requiring that the charge or discharge of the battery be bi-directional means that electrons must take an unnatural, indirect path including turns at right angles through micro-circuitry to be able to discharge. This may be termed a self-charging or electron-recycling pathway. Only when electrons flow at a perpendicular angle through a neighboring layer would electrons successfully flow through the metamaterial in the direction of the cathode. Since transport of electrons into the electron-recycling pathway would be governed by micro-circuitry, any excessive flow of electrons would burn out that circuitry and render the battery incapable of discharging its stored electrons.