>>13858714In my opinion, as far as science and tech is considered, India was doing quite good back during British Raj, the reason was quite simple, the indians that had intelligence and talent had a pathway through which they could realise their capabilities.
Nowadays it is not the same, we don't have a meritocratic system. And we don't have direct contact with a industrial superpower with top academic institutions.
This is the reason why, the only indians that some what contribute to science and tech, are the ones who leave India. Doing so is simply not possible in India, as there is lack of opportunities, high competition for employment and poverty