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I read his book a long time ago.
If I'm remember correctly, his basic premise was something like "if a system becomes computationally intractable then for all intents an purposes it's the same as any other intractable problem". He calls this 'irreducibly complex" or something.
The second one is "the vast majority of natural phenomena are irreducibly complex".
Basically overall he's arguing that we can't actually solve most things, we have to simply run simulations or computations and let the process unfold and record what happens after the fact. There is no closed form solution to most phenomena. I think. I read it a while ago. Also he drones on about a lot of shit too.