/sci/ - Science & Math » Thread #13735039

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Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 04:12:19 2021 No.13735039 View Reply Original Report

Quoted By: >>13735091 >>13735094 >>13735335 >>13735489 >>13739407

Asexual reproduction:
>0 energy expenditure selecting partners
>Exponential and fast
>100% of your genes pass onto next generation
>There are ways of recombining genetic materials with other cells if that is necessary, in many species.

Sexual reproduction:
>Spend precious energy searching, courting, caring for partners.
>Slower
>Only 50% of your genes pass forward.

How the fuck did this happen, and why is the first so predominant in microscopic animals, and the second in macroscopic?

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 04:37:39 No.13735091 Report

Quoted By:

>>13735039
God wanted it that way

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 04:39:54 No.13735094 Report

Quoted By: >>13735102

>>13735039
it's called natural selection

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 04:43:54 No.13735102 Report

Quoted By: >>13735147

>>13735094
The question is why is number 2 "more adapted" than number 1 when it seems to only have drawbacks.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 05:05:15 No.13735147 Report

Quoted By: >>13735220 >>13739385

>>13735102
Genetic diversity. 2 organisms combining genetics at random results in offspring with a more diverse set of mutations and potential future adaptations.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 05:40:53 No.13735220 Report

Quoted By: >>13735335 >>13739385

>>13735147
Asexually reproducting organisms also do that. They just separate sex and reproduction into two different steps.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 06:57:06 No.13735335 Report

Quoted By: >>13735473 >>13737038

>>13735220
>>13735039
>What is "meiosis" for $500?
you have to be 18 to post here.
we do literally the same thing as asexually reproducing cells except we do it in a way that creates more genetic diversity. there's more advantages to sexual reproduction especially when you get larger sizes of organisms. basically if you think about it asexual is better for volume and sexual is better for quality. asexual reproduction evolves slowly but you can have generation cycles that are lightning fast allowing quick adaptation. however it's harder for them to make major adaptations because it's overall lower diversity of genetic info. the magic of sexual reproduction is that high level of genetic variance, allowing evolution to really shake stuff up.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 08:17:13 No.13735473 Report

Quoted By:

>>13735335
And here's your answer OP, efficiency was sacrificed to increase adaptability.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 08:25:58 No.13735489 Report

Quoted By:

>>13735039
Theory is that big animals have a way longer life span than microscopic ones, and since microscopic ones would easily mutate to infect us, we need to accelerate our mutation rate across generations, and this is why sexual reproduction evolved.
If we asexually reproduced, and you had like 100000 people all with 99% similar genes because of asexual reproduction, it is easy for a microscopic disease to mutate to target your cells easily and kill you all off.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 18:38:56 No.13737038 Report

Quoted By: >>13737165 >>13737192

>>13735335
How do you explain strict asexual microbes still existing then?
How do you explain asexual reproduction alongside sexual reproduction in insects and even large reptiles?
Being able to populate/repopulate an area entirely on your own seems like a big advantage to squander.

>Sexual reproduction generates more mutation faster.

Isn't this directly contrary to stuff like super bacteria and viruses and etc basically fucking our shit up?

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 19:20:27 No.13737165 Report

Quoted By:

>>13737038
>How do you explain strict asexual microbes still existing then?
because evolution isn't a narrative. we likely came from microbes but that doesn't mean modern microbes don't exist. it's literally just things happening, some things branch off and become other things while others continue reproducing the way it's always been and evolve away from that branch off period.
>How do you explain asexual reproduction alongside sexual reproduction in insects and even large reptiles?
in sexually reproducing species it's believed that sexual reproduction is something that evolves after asexual reproduction. this in and of itself is very controversial and i probably shouldn't have brought it up. but it's important to know because an organism that becomes something that's not a microbe but that still asexually reproduces likely has a reason for that, they're not out here reproducing asexually without reason. the type of reproduction an organism uses is a form of strategy developed over time, and it makes sense for the most part. not strategy in the narrative sense but strategy in the "who survived childhood and was able to reproduce viable offspring" strategy. for insects they're essentially similar to microbes in the lifestyle (life history) sense because they have specifically gone for volume over anything else. it's super high competition, extreme environmental pressures, high predation for insects so it's likely that any reproduction is more important than strictly sexual.

reptiles i mean I'm not super well versed in herpetology but i'd wager that has more to do with again the similar pressures that insects face (high predation, extreme environmental conditions) combined with a unique issue: having a hard time finding a mate. that combined with a unique set of pressures from literally all sides of the coin would favor reproducing at all over simply sexually reproducing.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 19:26:54 No.13737192 Report

Quoted By: >>13737203

>>13737038
>Being able to populate/repopulate an area entirely on your own seems like a big advantage to squander.
when you've evolved whole organ systems and life history styles around sexual reproduction it becomes a self-enforcing thing.

>Isn't this directly contrary to stuff like super bacteria and viruses and etc basically fucking our shit up?

no it's not which is why i specifically mentioned generation cycles. bacteria and viruses are more responsive to pressures and can evolve immediately ~because~ they asexually reproduce. if you have higher reproduction rates but lower diversity, it doesn't matter that you have low variance if only the ones who could survive are the ones who do because you immediately repopulate with the advantageous gene. think about wiping a surface and the 0.0001% of bacteria survives. that 0.00001% only needs to go through 1 cycle for 100% of it's offspring to have largely the same slight variation in genes that allowed it to survive. you have to consider that there are likely an unthinkable amount of bacteria and viruses that are constantly going extinct and being created because there's literally that many period. but also because of the nature of asexual reproduction it's easy to wipe out an entire species in one go. the diversity in sexual reproduction bumps up that chance of 1% surviving significantly.

Anonymous

Anonymous Sun 10 Oct 2021 19:28:41 No.13737203 Report

Quoted By:

>>13737192
and also i just want to add to my last point, this is why sexually reproducing organisms are significantly more diverse than asexually reproducing organisms. it's a reflection of our adaptation ability being better over a long timespan vs asexual reproduction. there's a gazillion microbes but they are all microbes vs the wide array of even just vertebrate body plans.

Anonymous

Anonymous Mon 11 Oct 2021 13:02:04 No.13739385 Report

Quoted By:

>>13735147
>>13735220
In that case we should have had plenty of diversity when the Earth was young and much more radioactive than it is today. So, was it?

Anonymous

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Anonymous Mon 11 Oct 2021 13:07:15 No.13739407 Report

Quoted By: >>13739410

>>13735039
Artificial wombs will lead to asexual reproduction becoming dominant again

Anonymous

Anonymous Mon 11 Oct 2021 13:08:32 No.13739410 Report

Quoted By:

>>13739407
>dailymail
>forbes

Anonymous

Anonymous Mon 11 Oct 2021 13:25:59 No.13739431 Report

Quoted By:

>The "Vicar of Bray" hypothesis (or Fisher-Muller Model[1]) attempts to explain why sexual reproduction might have advantages over asexual reproduction. Reproduction is the process by which organisms give rise to offspring. Asexual reproduction[2] involves a single parent and results in offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. In contrast to asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction involves two parents. Both the parents produce gametes through meiosis, a special type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half.[3] During an early stage of meiosis, before the chromosomes are separated in the two daughter cells, the chromosomes undergo genetic recombination. This allows them to exchange some of their genetic information.[4] Therefore, the gametes from a single organism are all genetically different from each other. The process in which the two gametes from the two parents unite is called fertilization. Half of the genetic information from both parents is combined. This results in offspring that are genetically different from each other and from the parents. In short, sexual reproduction allows a continuous rearrangement of genes. Therefore, the offspring of a population of sexually reproducing individuals will show a more varied selection of phenotypes. Due to faster attainment of favorable genetic combinations, sexually reproducing populations evolve more rapidly in response to environmental changes. Under the Vicar of Bray hypothesis, sex benefits a population as a whole, but not individuals within it, making it a case of group selection.[5][6]

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