How can you calculate gravity at a distance on imaginary planets?

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So me and my friend were discussing how strong would the gravity be on the surface of an earth that is 10x as massive, but just as dense as the normal one. He simply claimed that it'd be around 2 to 3g cause "he studied it" and acted smug about it. So I went and did some research of my own because that number sounded absurdly low to me.
Pic related is the place where I got the formula from, and I understood it moderately fine, but the part that fucked me was the N . m2 /kg2, which i didn't get how to use or determine exactly.
The data for that planet is that its radius is 13.725km (surface height to the center) and its mass is 5,97x10^27kg.