For example all of physics at its core is just applied math and the same goes for chemistry. Could someone start with an observation in some area of knowledge and then by using mathematic principles, formulate the way something is described. I would think there are some things where using math just wouldnt work or is inefficient but I dont know what they could be.

I know some of you would go "but that literally what math is" but I wanna know are there any cases where the opposite is true?