>>13815239The soviets didn't develop an analog to the Saturn V and the US shuttle program until after the fact they were already developed and only attempted so to not lose face. The vast majority of soviet rocketry and missiles throughout the cold war were based upon the Nazis designs post ww2, most innovation thereafter was simply improving those engime designs rather than innovating completely new concepts simply because they worked and were cheaper to build (also why they are still in use). And as I mentioned some of those Nazi derived designs are used even by china, NK, and Iran as well. The Nazis had and used liquid fueled rockets and solid fuel rockets (Rheinbote) in ww2, they innovated the entire first generation of modern rocketry with practical applications and sent the first man made object past the karman line, also pre-war had the first manned rocket powered flight. No other group in the world innovated rocketry as much as the pre-ww2 generation of German scientists whether working for the US, Nazis, or soviets and most modern designs are still based off of theirs even in the US, and modern Russia and china (chinese space program is based upon both soviet and US innovations) only relatively recently has there been new innovation in thruster designs.
